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Home / Where Is the Historic Fine Arts or Chinatown District of Columbia

Where Is the Historic Fine Arts or Chinatown District of Columbia

Neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Chinatown

Neighbourhood
Millennium Gate on Pender Street in Chinatown

Millennium Gate on Pender Street in Chinatown
Coordinates: 49°xvi′48″N 123°v′58″Westward  /  49.28000°N 123.09944°W  / 49.28000; -123.09944 Coordinates: 49°16′48″N 123°5′58″W  /  49.28000°North 123.09944°W  / 49.28000; -123.09944
Country Canada
Province British Columbia
Urban center Vancouver
Fourth dimension zone UTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−vii (PDT)
Area Codes 604, 778, 236
Chinatown, Vancouver
Traditional Chinese 溫哥華唐人街
Simplified Chinese 温哥华唐人街
Alternative Chinese name
Traditional Chinese 溫哥華華埠
Simplified Chinese 温哥华华埠
Designations

National Historic Site of Canada
Official proper name Vancouver's Chinatown National Historic Site of Canada
Designated 2011

Chinatown is a neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is Canada'south largest Chinatown. Centered around Pender Street, it is surrounded past Gastown to the north, the Downtown financial and central concern districts to the west, the Georgia Viaduct and the False Creek inlet to the southward, the Downtown Eastside and the remnant of old Japantown to the northeast, and the residential neighbourhood of Strathcona to the southeast.

Due to the large ethnic Chinese presence in Vancouver — especially represented by mostly Cantonese-speaking multi-generation Chinese Canadians and commencement-generation immigrants from Hong Kong — the city has been referred to as "Hongcouver".[1] Nevertheless, nigh immigration in recent years has been Standard mandarin-speaking residents from Mainland China. Chinatown remains a popular tourist attraction and is ane of the largest celebrated Chinatowns in North America, simply it experienced recent pass up as newer members of Vancouver's Chinese community dispersed to other parts of the metropolitan area.

Geography [edit]

The approximate borders of Chinatown equally designated by the City of Vancouver are the alley between Pender and Hastings Streets, Georgia Street, Gore Avenue, and Taylor Street,[2] although unofficially the area extends well into the residue of the Downtown Eastside. Main, Pender, and Keefer Streets are the principal areas of commercial activity.

Golden Hamlet [edit]

Information technology has been more recently overshadowed by the newer Chinese immigrant concern district along No. iii Road in the Urban center of Richmond, s of Vancouver. Many affluent Hong Kong and Taiwanese immigrants have moved there since the belatedly 1980s, coinciding with the increase of Chinese ethnic retail and restaurants in that surface area. This new surface area is designated the "Golden Village" by the Urban center of Richmond. The proposed renaming of the area to "Chinatown" met resistance both from merchants in Vancouver's Chinatown and from non-Chinese residents and merchants in Richmond itself.

History [edit]

Early clearing and head tax [edit]

Chinese railway construction workers for CP Rails, 1884

Chinese immigrants, primarily men, outset came to Vancouver in big numbers during the tardily 19th century, attracted in part by the British Columbia aureate rush of 1858 and so the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s.[3] : three In the demography of 1880–81, the full Chinese population in Canada was four,383, of which the overwhelming bulk (iv,350) resided in British Columbia.[4] : seven By 1884, 17,000 Chinese immigrants had arrived in Canada to work on the railroad lone.[3] : 3 The 1891 census counted ix,129 Chinese in Canada (8,910 in British Columbia), and the population at the 1901 demography had increased to 16,792 in Canada (fourteen,376 in British Columbia as an incomplete count).[4] : vii–8 Of the estimated 16,000 Chinese immigrants in British Columbia in 1901, 2,715 lived in Victoria and another ii,011 lived in Vancouver.[4] : 8

After the completion of the railroad, under the Chinese Immigration Act of 1885, a head tax of CA$l per person was levied solely on Chinese immigrants to discourage further settlement; the head tax was raised to $100 in 1900 and and then $500 in 1903.

Past 1900, Chinatown covered the four square blocks bounded by County Alley (on the w), Hastings Street (on the north), Keefer Street (on the southward), and Main Street (on the east, named Westminster Avenue at the time), with Pender Street (then called Dupont) as the chief commercial district.[3] : four During this time, Vancouver's Scarlet Light commune was nowadays in the area, undergoing routine constabulary checks and attempts to clean upward the area. By 1906, the Dupont brothels were forced to close. As a effect, several brothels and businesses moved to two parallel dirt paved, dead-end lanes off of Dupont, W of Carrall: Shanghai Aisle and Canton Alley. While these immigrants were dispersed throughout Chinatown, they strongly concentrated these areas. [5] In 1896, the wellness officer for the Urban center of Vancouver reported the urban center had to destroy houses in Chinatown "owing to their filthy condition" and that "one could hardly pass through the [Chinatown] quarter without holding one'southward nose."[4] : xiv Another wellness officeholder noted "The Chinese merchants and employers of labour endeavour to assist the health officials, and are, equally a dominion, willing to co-operate and help in this affair, merely the lower classes of Chinese emigrants give a keen deal of trouble unless constantly watched," last that connected immigration would pb to "circumstances and atmospheric condition which predispose to infectious disease, and serve to spread it apace when once it is roused into activeness."[iv] : nineteen This perception merely worsened with the turn of the commune. Residents of the area where said to face up continuous "white hostility and discrimination" due to iii chief vices, drug problems, gambling and sex piece of work. As these perceptions grew, the discrimination turned to violence, resulting in a destructive raid in 1907 that acquired irreversible damage to the surface area. [6]

Association societies and 1907 riot [edit]

Boarded storefronts on Carrall Street following September 1907 riots

Every bit more people of Chinese heritage came to Vancouver, association associations were formed to assistance the newcomers digest in their adopted homeland and to provide friendship and support. Clan societies were often formed around a shared surname lineage, county (e.g., Kaiping, Zhongshan), or other feature of identity.[3] : 4

Despite these efforts, discrimination against residents of the expanse connected to grow and somewhen turned to violence.[7] The Vancouver riots of September 1907 grew out of an anti-immigration rally existence held past the Asiatic Exclusion League, resulting in significant damage to Chinatown businesses.[8] two,000 Chinese immigrants were displaced from their homes, and full property harm resulting from the actions of the mob of 10,000 was estimated at $15,000.[9] One news study speculated the riot was held to intimidate a visiting Japanese consul.[10] Some other blamed the presence of American agitators.[eleven] Mackenzie Rex, so the Deputy Minister of Labour, was dispatched to investigate the anarchism and recommended the disbursement of $36,000 in compensation.[12] [xiii]

The caput tax was repealed via the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923, which instead abolished Chinese clearing to Canada entirely, except in limited circumstances.

Late 20th century improvements [edit]

In 1979, the Chinatown Historic Surface area Planning Commission sponsored a streetscape improvement program to add various Chinese-fashion elements to the expanse, such as specially paved sidewalks and red dragon streetlamps that demarcated the area'southward borders while emphasizing it as a destination for heritage tourism. Starting with its designation past the province as a historic area in 1971 and subsequent economic shifts,[14] Chinatown shifted from a cardinal business commune to playing a largely cultural role. Murality, a local non-turn a profit, is installing a mural on East Pender Street with the aim of bringing color and vitality to the neighbourhood.

The growth of Chinatown during much of the 20th century created a healthy, robust community that gradually became an aging one equally many Chinese immigrants no longer lived nearby. Noticing local businesses suffering, the Chinatown Merchants Association cited the lack of parking and restrictive heritage district rules as impediments to new uses and renovations. Their concerns afterward led to a relaxation of zoning laws to allow for a wider range of uses, including necessary demolition.[15] Additions in the mid-1990s included a large parkade, a shopping mall, and the largest Chinese eatery in Canada. More residential projects around the community and a lowering of property taxes helped to maintain a more rounded community. Reinvigoration was a discussed topic forth government members, symbolically embedded in the Millennium Gate project, which opened in 2002.[16] Information technology can be argued that the role of the early Chinese settlers in Vancouver'southward Chinatown area in the late 19th and early 20th centuries helped to put Vancouver on the global map as a popular destination for Asian investment and clearing.

Contempo clearing [edit]

In addition to Han Chinese from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China, Chinese Latin Americans have also settled in the Chinatown surface area.[ commendation needed ] Most of them were from Peru and arrived soon afterwards Juan Velasco Alvarado took over that country in a military machine insurrection in 1968. Others have come from Argentine republic, Brazil, United mexican states, and Nicaragua.

Vancouver experienced large numbers of immigrants from the Asia-Pacific region in the concluding two decades of the twentieth century, well-nigh notably from Cathay, whose population in the Vancouver Demography Metropolitan Area was estimated at 300,000 in the mid-1990s.[17] A pregnant evolution since the 1980s has been the increase of transnational awareness among the Chinese. The heightened mobility of capital, information, people, and commodities across territorial boundaries and altitude challenged the traditional significant of migration.

Compared to Chinatown itself, more Chinese immigrants have settled in Richmond, drawn past its lower house prices, considerable concentration of Chinese retailers, and the nearby Vancouver airport. The business heart of Chinatown was visibly affected after the arrival of suburban Asian shopping districts, such as Richmond's Aberdeen Eye, which was promoted as North America'due south largest enclosed Asian mall, was well-nigh other Chinese shopping centres, and which offered more parking and open infinite than historic Chinatown.

Businesses and development [edit]

Chinatown is condign more than prosperous equally new investment and old traditional businesses flourish[ commendation needed ]. Today the neighbourhood features many traditional restaurants, banks, markets, clinics, tea shops, clothing stores, and other shops catering to the local customs and tourists alike. The Vancouver role of Sing Tao Daily, one of the city's iv Chinese-language dailies, remains in Chinatown. OMNI British Columbia (formerly Channel M) had its goggle box studio in Chinatown from 2003 to 2010. Vancouver Motion picture Schoolhouse as well has a satellite location in Chinatown. The renowned bar & nightclub known as 'Fortune Sound Club' is situated within the heart of Chinatown (formerly Ming's Restaurant). As of 2019, they have grown to become one of the most popular dark clubs in all of BC, rivalling off the Granville Entertainment District and bringing in world-class musicians.

Chinatown'south businesses today predominantly consist of those selling lower-gild, working-class goods, such as groceries, tea shops, and gift stores. While some businesses, such every bit restaurants, stand out, they are no longer the only Chinese food establishments in the city, a shift that contributed to a visible decline in foot traffic and night activity in Chinatown. As the vacancy rate in Chinatown currently stands at ten%, it has been acknowledged that Chinatown needs a new approach to development, since some businesses have relocated to suburban shopping centres while others only retired or went out of business. Examples include the closing of some restaurants and shops, sometimes in instances where the family unit did not accept successors or where the concern could not sustain itself any longer. Although there is a considerable business vacancy, Chinatown charter rates are considered the cheapest in the city, at $15–$thirty per square foot—nearly 1-10th of the asking cost on Vancouver's Downtown Robson Street, the urban center's upscale shopping district.

The new Chinatown business plan encourages new entrepreneurs to move in—and has attracted a longboard shop and German sausage shop—as ways of restoring storefronts and bringing in a younger oversupply, and to make college-income people more than comfy in the area.[18] Attracted to the lower rent and the building'southward heritage status, younger businesses take moved in, oftentimes with white owners who also live in apartments in a higher place the shops.[19] The general consensus is that Chinatown'southward priority is to attract people of all backgrounds to Chinatown, and information technology is believed that the opening of non-traditional stores will bring a new flow of energy and income to the streets.[20] As a result, the commercial activity is becoming more than diversified, dotted with Western chain stores such equally Waves Coffeeshop and Dollar Giant. Other additions include vintage stores, two art galleries, confined, and a nightclub, built on the site of the erstwhile Ming's eating house,[21] in an attempt to bring something of a nightlife temper, reminiscent of the 1950s and 1960s, back to the neighbourhood. The diversity of new shops and businesses is believed to be necessary in creating a new image for Chinatown in order to bring vibrancy back to the surface area and encourage commercial activities in general, and as a manner to compete with suburban districts too as nearby Gastown and Downtown Vancouver.

Chinatown Revitalization Activeness Plan [edit]

The Chinatown Historic Expanse planning committee, along with AECOM Economics, a United states-based planning firm, helped to set up a Chinatown Revitalization Action Program for Vancouver'southward planning department in Nov 2011.[22] Vancouver planners surveyed 77 businesses and constitute that 64% reported a decrease in revenue betwixt 2008 and 2011. The majority of consumers, 58%, were local residents, with 21% coming from elsewhere in the Lower Mainland. Tourist spending deemed for simply 12% of Chinatown customers.[23] Recognizing the shifting role of Chinatown, the report highlighted cardinal points to help the district proceed up with the times:

  • Although Chinatown experienced rapid residential growth, Vancouver'southward Chinese population is no longer concentrated in the Chinatown expanse, every bit new immigration settlement is dispersed throughout Metro Vancouver, especially in Richmond.
  • Historically, Chinese immigrants to Vancouver were predominantly from Southern China, while immigrants today come from throughout China and Asia. Therefore, Chinatown restaurants need to broaden their offerings beyond mostly Cantonese dishes to cuisine from other parts of China and Asia in order to serve a more than diversified consumer base.

Building on these points, the report recommended that Chinatown needs:

  • More life on the streets at night and on weekends as a way to dilute social bug
  • To provide better restaurants, equally these make upwards the heart of Chinatown and are key to improving its business sector
  • To modernize the cultural eye and museum as a viable attraction while keeping its neighbourhood aspects
  • To cater more than to its residents through everyday services such as groceries and restaurants
  • To take advantage of its fine-grained streetscape pattern, which offers a unique sidewalk feel compared to newer automobile-oriented suburban areas
  • To involve younger community members in controlling roles
  • To renovate its twenty heritage buildings, creating a historic district unparalleled in Western Canada, which will increase entreatment to tourists and residents, leading to more local spending
  • To be clean and rubber in club to reduce negative images, such as illegal drug use and panhandling, associated with the Downtown Eastside in general

Some plans already in place in order to preserve some Asian heritage include the creation of the Chinatown Storytelling Centre. It is a purpose-built cultural space that celebrates stories of the Chinese Canadian experience told through the lens of Vancouver's Chinatown. The Storytelling Centre shares the important legacy and history of the Chinese Canadian feel and its larger contribution to city and nation-building. The Storytelling Middle is fix to open in 2020.

International Village [edit]

In recent years Chinatown has seen growth in new structure every bit a downtown edifice blast continued into the former Expo 86 lands, which adjoin Chinatown. New loftier-ascent towers are beingness constructed around the old Expo 86 site, including International Village, which was built in 1998 and is located adjacent to Stadium–Chinatown SkyTrain station. Anchored by Cineplex Odeon International Village Cinemas and flanked by Rexall Drugstore and Yokoyaya 123, the International Hamlet Shopping Center is a 300,000 ft² entertainment and shopping venue. It is one of the showtime master-planned communities in Greater Vancouver; is the fundamental hub connecting Gastown, Chinatown, and Yaletown; and is adjacent to the Rogers Arena, the Plaza of Nations, and BC Identify Stadium.

International Village was designed to exist downtown'southward answer to the Asian malls found in the Golden Village, though it is not every bit racially sectional and includes businesses and residents that are non-Chinese.

International Village too refers to the name given to the expanse by developer Henderson Evolution (Canada) Ltd., a subsidiary of Henderson Land Development.

International Village was commonly chosen Tinseltown, based on one of the brands of theatre chain Cinemark Theatres, which owned the building earlier Cineplex did.

Condominium Development [edit]

Chinese themed street-lite

Vancouver urban center councillors voted in 2011 to enhance building height restrictions in Chinatown in order to boost its population density. A limit of 9 stories for most of the neighbourhood was set, with a maximum of fifteen stories on the busiest streets.[24] Highrises close to Stadium-Chinatown Station accept already been built, with more condominium towers under construction, some projects taking advantage of empty lots that sabbatum unused for decades. Due to the unconventional lot sizes, one 9-storey condominium is simply 25 feet wide. Nonetheless, that is non expected to be a trouble in Vancouver, which has a market place for affordable smaller-scale homes. Critics of highrise evolution speculate that the plan will effectively carve up up the neighbourhood to form a "Great Wall of Chinatown" every bit lower-income residents are marginalized and displaced.

Compages [edit]

The neighbourhood was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 2011.[25]

Ongoing efforts at revitalization include efforts past the business community to improve safety by hiring private security, considering new marketing promotions, and introducing residential units into the neighbourhood by restoring and renovating heritage buildings. The electric current focus is on the restoration and adaptive reuse of the distinctive clan buildings.

Historical and significant architecture in Chinatown, Vancouver
Proper noun № Street Builder/Designer Year Built past/for Notes Photo
Sam Kee Building 8 W Pender Street Brown and Gillam 1913 Chang Toy (Sam Kee Company) Narrowest commercial building in the world, according to the Guinness Volume of Records; front-to-back depth is only 6 ft (one.8 yard).[26] Sam Kee.jpg
Wing Sang Edifice 51 East Pender Street Thomas Ennor Julian 1889–1901 Yip Sang (Wing Sang Company) I of the oldest buildings in Chinatown. The 6-storey edifice was home to Yip Sang'southward Wing Sang Company (Wing Sang Limited) from 1889 to 1955. T.E. Julian added third storey in 1901.[27] Wing sang building, vancouver, b.c..JPG
Chinese Freemasons Edifice 1–five West Pender Street S.B. Birds 1906, 1913 Modified by Samuel Buttrey Birds in 1913. Facade retained after building was demolished in 1975.[28] Chinese Freemasons building modern.jpg
Chinese Benevolent Association of Vancouver 104–108 Eastward Pender Street 1901–10 Chinese Benevolent Association The Association was organized by leading businessmen including Yip Sang, Chang Toy, and Wang Yu Shan.[29] Chinese Benevolent Association 02.JPG
Dr. Lord's day Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden 578 Carrall St Joe Wai, Donald Vaughan, Wang Zu-Xin 1986 Chinese Garden.jpg
Lim Sai Hor Association Edifice 525–531 Carrall Street Samuel Buttrey Birds, W. H. Chow 1903, 1914 Chinese Empire Reform Association Altered in 1914, keeping with the contemporary style of Chinatown buildings.[30] [1]
Mah Guild of Canada 137–139 Eastward Pender Street H.B. Watson, E.J. Boughen 1913, 1921 Originally housed street-level grocery with residences higher up; summit storey added in 1921 for Mah Society.[31] Mah Society Building.JPG
Yue Shan Lodge 33–47 Eastward Pender St. W.H. Chow 1889, 1898, 1920 Consists of three buildings around a central courtyard: 41-47 E Pender (1889), 33-39 E Pender (1920), and 37 E Pender (1914).[32] Yue Shan Society Buildings, Vancouver, BC 01.jpg
Chinese Times Building 1 East Pender Street William Tuff Whiteway 1902 Yip Sang (Wing Sang Company) One of the first brick buildings in Chinatown; influenced later compages.[33] 2010-08 1 East Pender Street.jpg
Chinese School 121–125 East Pender Street J.A. Radford and G.L. Southall 1910, 1921 Mon Keang Schoolhouse Altered by Radford in 1921. Mon Keang School established in 1925.[34] [2]
Lee Building 127–131 East Pender Street Henriquez and Todd 1907, 1973 Lee's Association Original building was damaged in a 1972 fire and demolished; the facade was retained and a new edifice was synthetic behind information technology in 1973, designed by Henriquez and Todd.[35] 127 East Pender St. 02.JPG
Carnegie Community Centre 401 Master Street G.Westward. Grant 1902–03 Vancouver Public Library; later as Vancouver Museum and Metropolis Archives Carnegie library from its construction until 1957.[36] 41551-Vancouver (37509844511).jpg
Commercial Buildings 235–257 E Hastings Street 1901–13 Includes the Hotel Empress (235),[37] Phoenix Hotel (237),[38] Belmont Building (241),[39] and Afton Hotel (249).[forty] Run down hotel in Vancouver Chinatown (14817809694).jpg
Hotel East 445 Gore Street S.B. Birds 1912 Lee Kee Part of the expansion of Chinatown to eastward of Main.[41] 445 Gore 01.JPG
Kuomintang Building 296 East Pender Street Due west.East. Sproat 1920 The Kuomintang (KMT, or Chinese Nationalist League) KMT Blg.jpg
Mentum Wing Chun Society 158–160 East Pender Street R.A. McKenzie 1925 Chin Fly Chun Society Coming together rooms above street-level commercial infinite.[42] Chin Wing Chun Society Building 03.JPG
Ho Ho Eating house and Sun Ah Hotel 100–102 Eastward Pender Street R.T. Perry and White and Cockrill 1911 Loo Gee Wing Ho Ho Eatery opened in 1954.[43] Sun Ah Hotel & Ho Ho Restaurant 02.JPG
May Wah Hotel 258 E Pender Street William Frederick Gardiner 1913 Messrs. Barrett and Deane SRO hotel; built in response to the Lodging House By-Police of 1910. Used by both Chau Luen Lodge and Shon Yee Benevolent Association of Canada.[44] May Wah Hotel 03.JPG
Chau Luen Tower 325 Keefer 1971 Chau Luen Chivalrous Society
London Drugs 800 Primary St Unknown-1968 (Expropriated) Chau Luen Benevolent Society [45]

Gates [edit]

Rebuilt in 2005 (2010)

China Gate on Pender Street (by Chinese Cultural Center)

The China Gate (next to the Chinese Cultural Heart, almost the intersection with Carrall) facing Pender Street was donated to the City of Vancouver by the Government of the People's Republic of China post-obit the Expo 86 world's fair, where it was on display. Afterward being displayed for almost 20 years at its current location, the gate was rebuilt and received a major renovation of its façade employing stone and steel. Funding for the renovation came from regime and individual sources; the renovated gate was unveiled during the October 2005 visit of Guangdong governor Huang Huahua.

Temporary welcome curvation (1901)

Millennium Gate (2015)

Gates straddling Pender Street

This is not to be confused with the larger Millennium Gate, which straddles Pender Street at the west end of Chinatown, virtually the intersection with Taylor Street. The Millennium Gate was approved on September twenty, 2001,[46] and erected in 2002 at the same site as a temporary wooden arch congenital to celebrate the 1901 royal tour by the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York.[47] [48] Joe Y. Wai designed the Millennium Gate.[49]

Notable buildings [edit]

The Sam Kee Company, run past Chang Toy, one of the wealthier merchants in turn-of-the-20th-century Chinatown, bought the land for the Sam Kee Building as a standard-sized lot in 1903. However, in 1912 the city widened Pender Street, expropriating all but vi feet of the Pender Street side of the lot. This lot was the previous dwelling to Shanghai Alley, an early on Vancouver red lite commune which collaboratively hosted 105 brothels with Canton Alley. [50] In 1913 the architects Brown and Gillam designed this narrow, steel-framed free-standing building on the remaining six-foot strip. The basement, extending under the sidewalk and much wider than the rest of the building, housed public baths, with shops on the footing floor and offices to a higher place (such basements in Vancouver were once mutual and zoned as "areaways"). The 1980s' rehabilitation of the building for Jack Chow was designed by Soren Rasmussen Builder and completed in 1986.

The Lord Strathcona Elementary School is the oldest public schoolhouse in Greater Vancouver and the only public school serving Vancouver's Chinatown.

Neon signs [edit]

Reconstructed Sai Woo sign

Chinatown was once known for its neon signs, just like the rest of the urban center, lost many signs to changing times and a sign bylaw passed in 1974.[51] [52] The last of these was the Ho Ho sign (which showed a rice bowl and chop sticks),[53] which was removed in 1997.

A large 45 ft (14 m) tall neon sign was approved for the Chinatown Plaza parkade project in 2008 under the City of Vancouver'south Keen Beginnings initiative.[54] The new sign was installed in March 2010.[55]

In 2017, a neon sign featuring a large green and xanthous-coloured rooster for the Sai Woo Eatery was installed on Pender Street. The new owner of the Sai Woo was made aware of the original sign that hung exterior the earlier incarnation of the restaurant (1925–59) from a one-second clip from a movie of a 1958 parade in Chinatown, and launched a search for the original sign which was unsuccessful.[56] The sign was recreated from the archived footage.[57] At the same time, plans were announced to relight the alpine Ho Ho sign in 2018 or 2019.[58] [59]

Laozi Landscape [edit]

The mural depicts Chinese philosopher Laozi, sitting on the back of an ox, looking ahead with a serene expression.It features a maxim from Laozi, in Simplified Chinese, along with an English translation: "It takes noesis to understand others, merely it needs a articulate mind to know oneself. It takes forcefulness to surpass others, but it requires a stiff will to surpass oneself."

Vancouver'south Laozi (also referred to "Lao Tzu" and "Lao Tsu", 老子) mural is located on the Western wall of the Lee'southward Clan building, at the corner of Gore Avenue and Pender Street, on the boundary of Chinatown. The landscape was unveiled on October 2, 2010, past the Mayor of the City of Vancouver, Gregor Robertson.[60] every bit office of the celebration of the 125 years of Vancouver's Chinatown.[61] The landscape is featured in multiple lists of notable Vancouver murals.[62] [63]

Information technology was designed by Kenson Seto and painted past Alex Li & Falk.[64] The mural is 223 square metres, and toll $xviii,000 [65] which was split between the City of Vancouver and Lee's Association of Vancouver. Information technology was defaced multiple times past graffiti,[65] causing outrage in the community.[66]

On April 5, 2016, the Metropolis of Vancouver rezoned the lot at 303 East Pender St/450 Gore Avenue,[67] assuasive construction of a six story building [68] that hid the mural from sight.[61] The edifice, marketed every bit Brixton Flats [69] was designed past architect Gair Williamson and developed by GMC Projects Inc., whose website features an image of the Laozi mural [lxx]

Vancouver Urban center Council added a condition to the rezoning:

"Blueprint development to create a new landscape to reflect the character and history of Chinatown;

Notation to Applicant: The intent is not to recreate the existing landscape, but rather to seek a feasible opportunity to create a new mural of a suitable size and location on the edifice, including possible location on the eastern side of the building."[71]

The developer is studying the possibility of painting a smaller version of the original mural on the new building.[72]

See also [edit]

  • Chinese Benevolent Association of Vancouver
  • Chinese Canadians in British Columbia
  • Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver
  • Chinese Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area
  • History of Chinese immigration to Canada
  • Chinese head tax in Canada
  • Royal Commission on Chinese Clearing (1885)
  • Chinese Immigration Deed of 1885
  • Chinese Immigration Act, 1923
  • Everything Volition Be, Julia Kwan'south 2014 documentary film near Chinatown

Notable residents [edit]

  • Wong Foon Sien, announcer and social activist
  • Bessie Lee, community organizer and civic activist
  • Mary Lee Chan, borough activist
  • Yip Sang, businessman
  • Yucho Chow, photographer
  • Wayson Choy, writer, educator

[edit]

  • Chinatown Today, paper
  • Hua Foundation, non-turn a profit working on youth empowerment, racial equity and civic engagement bug on unceded Musqueam, Squamish, and Tsleil-Waututh territory known as Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • Yarrow Intergenerational Society for Justice, not-profit supporting low-income seniors in Chinatown and Vancouver'southward Downtown East Side (DTES)

References [edit]

  1. ^ Cernetig, Miro (June 30, 2007). "Chinese Vancouver: A decade of modify". Archived from the original on 30 October 2007.
  2. ^ "Chinatown Map". City of Vancouver. 2019-03-27. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006.
  3. ^ a b c d Chinese Canadian Historical Society (July 2005). Historic Report of the Gild Buildings in Chinatown (PDF) (Report). City of Vancouver. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e Written report of the Imperial Commission on Chinese and Japanese Immigration (Report). Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, Printer to the Male monarch's Most Excellent Majesty. 1902. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  5. ^ Francis, Daniel (2006). Red Light Neon. Vancouver, BC.: Subway Books. pp. 7–191. ISBN0-9736675-two-four.
  6. ^ Francis, Daniel (2006). Cerise Light Neon. Vancouver, BC.: Subway Books. pp. 7–191. ISBN0-9736675-ii-4.
  7. ^ Francis, Daniel (2006). Red Lite Neon. Vancouver, BC.: Subway Books. pp. vii–191. ISBN0-9736675-ii-4.
  8. ^ "Japs attacked in Vancouver". The Morning Press. Santa Barbara. Associated Press. 10 September 1907. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  9. ^ "2000 Chinese driven out: Rioters at Vancouver attack Orientals". Los Angeles Herald. Associated Press. ix September 1907. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  10. ^ "Anarchism planned to impress Ishii, is belief at Seattle". Los Angeles Herald. Associated Press. 11 September 1907. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  11. ^ "Blame American Agitators: London View of Vancouver Troubles". Chico Record. 12 September 1907. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  12. ^ King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1908). Report past Westward. L. Mackenzie King, C.One thousand.G., Deputy Minister of Labour, Commissioner appointed to investigate into the Losses Sustained by the Chinese Population of Vancouver, B.C. on the occasion of the riots in that city in September, 1907 (Report). Ottawa: Southward.Due east. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  13. ^ King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1908). Report by W. L. Mackenzie King, C.M.G., Deputy Minister of Labour, Commissioner appointed to investigate into the Losses Sustained by the Japanese Population of Vancouver, B.C. on the occasion of the riots in that city in September, 1907 (Written report). Ottawa: Southward.E. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  14. ^ Davis, Chuck (October 2011). The Chuck Davis History of Metropolitan Vancouver. Harbour Publishing. p. 351. ISBN978-1-55017-533-2 . Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  15. ^ Yee, Paul (2006). Saltwater City. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre Ltd. p. 219. ISBN978-1-55365-174-1 . Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  16. ^ "Millennium Gate". Archived from the original on 8 Oct 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
  17. ^ Ng, Wing Chung (1999). The Chinese in Vancouver 1945-80. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 137. ISBN0-7748-0733-4 . Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  18. ^ Bula, Frances (12 January 2013). "Behind the Changing Face up of Vancouver's Chinatown". The Earth and Postal service. Toronto. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
  19. ^ Quinn, Stephen (eight Feb 2013). "Saving Chinatown, I Sausage and Pilates pose at a Time". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
  20. ^ Allingham, Jeremy (7 Feb 2013). "Vancouver's Chinatown embraces change". CBC News . Retrieved 12 February 2013.
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Further reading [edit]

  • Anderson, Kay (1991). Vancouver's Chinatown: Racial Discourse in Canada, 1875–1980. Montreal and Buffalo: McGill-Queen'southward University Press.
  • Anderson, Kay (June 1988). "Cultural Hegemony and the Race Definition Process in Vancouver's Chinatown: 1880–1980". Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 6 (two): 127–149. doi:x.1068/d060127. Reprinted in 1996, Social Geography: A Reader, ed. Hamnett C., (Arnold, London)
  • Anderson, Kay (December 1987). "The Idea of Chinatown: The Power of Place and Institutional Practise in the Making of a Racial Category". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 77 (four): 580–598. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.ten. JSTOR 2563924. Reprinted in 1992, A Daunting Modernity: A Reader in Post-Confederation Canada ed. McKay, I (McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Ontario).
  • Anderson, Kay (1986). 'East' as 'West': Place, State and the Institutionalization of Myth in Vancouver's Chinatown, 1880–1980. Department of Geography (Doctor of Philosophy thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
  • Ng, Fly Chung (1999). The Chinese in Vancouver 1945–80: The Pursuit of Identity and Power. Vancouver: UBC Press. ISBN9780774807326.
  • Yee, Paul (1988). Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN9780888946164.

External links [edit]

  • Vancouver Chinatown Revitalization Committee website
  • "For the dearest of Chinatown," 1968 clip from CBC Radio
  • Chinese Community Policing Centre
  • Vincent Miller, "Mobile Chinatowns: The Futurity of Customs in a Global Space of Flows." Article analyzing the differences betwixt Vancouver's Chinatown and the Chinese community in Richmond.
  • "Yin and Yang: Chinatown Past and Present," Multimedia site from Knowledge Network based on Paul Yee's book, Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver,Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1988.
  • Walking Bout: Chinatown
  • "Chinatown Revitalization Project on the City of Vancouver Planning Section"
  • "Chinatown Canada: The first in a four-part video series near Canada's Chinatowns from CityTv" [ permanent dead link ]
  • Vancouver Chinatown - Simon Fraser University

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Vancouver